The Glasgow Coma Scale: time for critical reappraisal?
نویسندگان
چکیده
www.thelancet.com/neurology Vol 13 August 2014 755 in astrocytes. Furthermore, KIR4.1 loss will also occur when oligodendrocytes are lost in the demyelinating process or astrocyte processes are damaged by mechanisms independent of antibody-mediated and complement-mediated immune reactions. Finally, technical issues of immunocytochemistry (eg, use of frozen vs paraffi n sections) and exact staging of lesions might partly diff er between the studies. Do these fi ndings, from independent research groups, mean that research into KIR4.1 in multiple sclerosis should end? We hope not. The reasons for the discrepancies between the investigations might be at least partly technical and call for additional work. Pathological studies using diff erent analytical approaches are also warranted to deepen the understanding of this potentially revolutionary aspect of multiple sclerosis research. Many unanswered questions related to KIR4.1 function still remain. The coexpression of KIR4.1 and aquaporin-4 channels in endfeet of astrocytes and their synergistic eff ect in maintaining osmotic homoeostasis is intriguing, especially when considering that most retinal pathological changes characterised by Müller cell damage are accompanied by changes of the amount or spatial distribution of both channels. Finally, the potential relation between anti-KIR4.1 antibodies and a more general dysfunction of immune-mediated mechanisms in patients with multiple sclerosis deserves further investigation.
منابع مشابه
Association Between Serum Electrolyte Disturbances and Glasgow Coma Scale Score in Patients With Diffuse Axonal Injury
Background: Appropriate clinical measures to prevent secondary brain damage in traumatic brain injury are of critical importance. Objectives: This study aims to investigate the relationships between serum electrolyte disturbances and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score in patients with Diffuse Axonal Injury (DAI) at the time of admission and discharge. Materials & Methods: In this retrospective cr...
متن کاملبررسی پایایی مقیاس FOUR اصلی و اصلاح شده بر بیماران بستری شده در بخش مراقبت های ویژه
Background: The assessment of comatose patients is an important part of critical care. Few of the many available coma scales have gained wide spread approval and popularity. The best known and widely accepted scale is the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). The newer FOUR score (Full Outline of Un Responsiveness) provides an attractive replacement for all patients with fluctuating levels of cons...
متن کاملThe Effects of Lipid Emulsion on the Improvement of Glasgow Coma Scale and Reduction of Blood Glucose Level in the Setting of Acute Non-Local Drug Poisoning: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Background: Our aim was to evaluate the effect of intravenous intralipid administration as an antidote on the poisoned patients' Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), hemodynamic parameters, arterial blood gas analysis, and routine metabolic profile tests (i.e. urea, glucose, sodium, and potassium) in the setting of non-local anesthetic drug overdose. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, a tota...
متن کاملThe Prognostic Value of Admission Glasgow Coma Scale and AVPU in Acute Drug Poisoning Patients
متن کامل
Comparison of Three Consciousness Assessment Scales in Poisoned Patients and Recommendation of a New Scale: AVPU Plus
Background: Few methods have been introduced to assess the level of consciousness in critically-ill patients. This study was designed to evaluate how the AlertVerbalPainfulUnresponsive (AVPU) responsive scale corresponds with the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) scores in drug-poisoned patients and to devise an augmented AVPU scale. Methods: In this prospect...
متن کاملGlasgow Coma Scale as a predictor for hemocoagulative disorders after blunt pediatric traumatic brain injury.
OBJECTIVE Coagulopathy is a complication of traumatic brain injury and its presence after injury has been identified as a risk factor for prognosis. It was our aim to determine whether neurologic findings reflected by Glasgow Coma Scale at initial resuscitation can predict hemocoagulative disorders resulting from traumatic brain injury that may aggravate clinical sequelae and outcome in childre...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- The Lancet. Neurology
دوره 13 8 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2014